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The most recent census, conducted in 2007, estimated 44 percent of the population adheres to the EOTC, 34 percent are Sunni Muslim, and 19 percent belong to evangelical Christian and Pentecostal groups. Islam is also the official religion of this country, which has one of the largest Muslim . The conflict in Tigray is predicated on ethnicity rather than creed. <>/Metadata 145 0 R/ViewerPreferences 146 0 R>> At the time of the 2007 census, 43.5% of the population identified as Ethiopian. xkSH{_[u[TBZlU],/&Bfu vv eezrm^x?jS~EzGeE_HRx 7 8py,.U^y7 B}$cGAJ_qt$8^{)1A_!Bxt . In Nigeria, the population in 1900 included 4.2 million Muslims and 180,000 Christians. ), Derg Downfall Day (defeat of MENGISTU regime), 28 May (1991), history: several previous; latest drafted June 1994, adopted 8 December 1994, entered into force 21 August 1995amendments: proposals submitted for discussion require two-thirds majority approval in either house of Parliament or majority approval of one-third of the State Councils; passage of amendments other than constitutional articles on fundamental rights and freedoms and the initiation and amendment of the constitution requires two-thirds majority vote in a joint session of Parliament and majority vote by two thirds of the State Councils; passage of amendments affecting rights and freedoms and amendment procedures requires two-thirds majority vote in each house of Parliament and majority vote by all the State Councils, has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Ethiopiadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 4 years. [8] The U.S. State Department estimates that just over 50% of the country is Christian (40 to 45% of the population belongs to the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, about 10% are members of Christian evangelical and Pentecostal groups). ), $2,300 (2021 est. While many Ethiopians claim that the Bible references of Kush apply to their own ancient civilization, pointing out that the Gihon river, a name for the Nile, is said to flow through the land, some scholars believe that the use of the term referred to the Kingdom of Kush in particular, or Africa outside of Egypt in general. ), widespread lack of access: due to conflict in Tigray Region, drought conditions in southeastern areas, high food prices - The difficult and worsening food security situation is the result of multiple shocks affecting food availability and access including: the conflict in northern Tigray Region and in adjacent areas of Amhara and Afar regions, which began in November 2020; in Tigray region alone, 5.3 million people are estimated to be severely food insecure; the failure of the MarchMay 2022 GuGenna rains in southern pastoral areas of southern Oromiya Region and southern Somali Region, exacerbated drought conditions prevailing since late 2020, causing severe crop and livestock losses; severe macroeconomic challenges including insufficient foreign currency reserves and the continuous depreciation of the national currency, as a result, inflation is at very high levels, with the yearonyear food inflation rate estimated at 35.5 percent in July, one the highest of the last decade; these difficulties are exacerbated by the ripple effects of the Ukraine war, which triggered hikes in international prices of wheat, fuel and fertilizers (2022), municipal solid waste generated annually: 6,532,787 tons (2015 est. Another 900,000 Ethiopians left Ethiopia and escaped to neighbouring Sudan. [19] They became known to the West during the 19th and 20th centuries, and were accepted as Jews by the Israeli government in 1975. Ethiopia has close historical ties to all three of the world's major Abrahamic religions. Islam now accounts for nearly forty percent of the population and is growing. Of the 61.6 %, 50.6 % are from the Ethiopian Orthodox Christians. [35] This is because Abyssinia's (present-day Ethiopia) Aksumite monarch embraced a group of Muslims embarking on the first Hijrah from Arabia, fleeing persecution from their homeland. )permanent crops: 1.1% (2018 est. Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic. Since the 18th century there has existed a relatively small (uniate) Ethiopian Catholic Church in full communion with Rome, with adherents making up less than 1% of the total population.[3]. In the Pew study, 1% of Ethiopians identify as Catholic, 16% as . In 1974, a military junta, the Derg, deposed Emperor Haile SELASSIE (who had ruled since 1930) and established a socialist state. The four standard measures of religious commitment . You can browse files by category or alphabetically, view the newest additions, most popular files, or search for a file. Christianity is the predominant religion in Ethiopia with a total of 61.6% of the population. )30.1% of GDP (2017 est. %PDF-1.7 ), improved: urban: 52.5% of populationrural: 8.1% of populationtotal: 17.7% of populationunimproved: urban: 47.5% of populationrural: 91.9% of populationtotal: 82.3% of population (2020 est. )wine: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. Explore aspects of Ethiopian culture and religion, including food, art, music and languages. ), definition: age 15 and over can read and writetotal population: 51.8%male: 57.2%female: 44.4% (2017), total: 9 yearsmale: 8 yearsfemale: 8 years (2012), total: 5.7%male: 4.4%female: 7.2% (2021 est. )female: 1.3% (2020 est. People Groups. The current population of Ethiopia is 122,543,875 as of Thursday, March 2, 2023, based on Worldometer elaboration of the latest United Nations data. Ethiopia aims to reach lower-middle-income status by 2025. Religion Volume 51, 2021 - Issue 3. Many different actorsthe national military, as well as the Eritrean military, militias from Ethiopia's Amhara region, and . In fact, the percentage of Muslims has remained the same since the 1994 census. [40] In the late fifteenth century Adal Sultanate invaded Abyssinia led by Imam Mahfuz, his defeat brought about the early 16th century Jihad of the Adalese Imam Ahmed Gran against Ethiopia, where several churches were demolished.[41]. . [16] While Muslims can be found in almost every community, Islam is most prevalent in the Somali (98.4%), Afar (95.3%) and Oromia (47.5%) Regions. ), urban population: 23.2% of total population (2023)rate of urbanization: 4.4% annual rate of change (2020-25 est. Islam Summi in fact surpassed in 2019 over 1 billion and 500 million people who practice it. Ethiopia Country Overview | World Health Organization. )8.36% (2019 est. Some adherents of the Bah Faith likewise exist in a number of urban and rural areas. With about 117 million people (2021), Ethiopia is the second most populous nation in Africa after Nigeria, and still the fastest growing economy in the region, with 6.3% growth in FY2020/21. The Rastafari view Emperor Haile Selassie as Jesus, the human incarnation of God. )subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 0.2 (2020 est. [ONLINE] Available at: Hassan, Gamal (2008). Zara. The violence is often dated to November 2020, when the federal government and the region's political party, the Tigray People's Liberation Front, entered into armed conflict at the government ' s Northern Command. [15] and some belonging to various Sufi orders. conomic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa is set to decelerate from 4.1% in 2021 to 3.3 . Once the Prosperity Party was created, the various ethnically-based parties that comprised or were affiliated with the EPRDF were subsequently disbanded; in January 2021, the Ethiopian electoral board de-registered the Tigray Peoples Liberation Front or TPLF; national level parties are qualified to register candidates in multiple regions across Ethiopia; regional parties can register candidates for both national and regional parliaments, but only in one region of Ethiopia, ACP, AfDB, ATMIS, AU, COMESA, EITI (candidate country), FAO, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer), chief of mission: Ambassador SELESHI Bekele Awulachew (since 7 June 2022)chancery: 3506 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008telephone: [1] (202) 364-1200FAX: [1] (202) 587-0195email address and website: ethiopia@ethiopianembassy.orghttps://ethiopianembassy.org/consulate(s) general: Los Angelesconsulate(s): New York, chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Ambassador Tracey Ann JACOBSON (since 25 February 2022)embassy: Entoto Street, P.O. . (male 1,887,831/female 2,236,827), total dependency ratio: 75.7youth dependency ratio: 70.2elderly dependency ratio: 5.5potential support ratio: 18.1 (2021 est. In December 2019 several mosques and Muslim owned businesses were attacked in the Christian dominated Amhara Region. ), birr (ETB) per US dollar -43.734 (2021 est. ), degree of risk: very high (2020)food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fevervectorborne diseases: malaria and dengue feverwater contact diseases: schistosomiasisanimal contact diseases: rabiesrespiratory diseases: meningococcal meningitisnote: on 21 March 2022, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a Travel Alert for polio in Africa; Ethiopia is currently considered a high risk to travelers for circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV); vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) is a strain of the weakened poliovirus that was initially included in oral polio vaccine (OPV) and that has changed over time and behaves more like the wild or naturally occurring virus; this means it can be spread more easily to people who are unvaccinated against polio and who come in contact with the stool or respiratory secretions, such as from a sneeze, of an infected person who received oral polio vaccine; the CDC recommends that before any international travel, anyone unvaccinated, incompletely vaccinated, or with an unknown polio vaccination status should complete the routine polio vaccine series; before travel to any high-risk destination, CDC recommends that adults who previously completed the full, routine polio vaccine series receive a single, lifetime booster dose of polio vaccine, total: 1.16 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. As of 1 January 2023, the population of Ethiopia was estimated to be 122,365,736 people. )proven reserves: 0 metric tons (2019 est. ), 5.461 million ADDIS ABABA (capital) (2023), at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female0-14 years: 1.01 male(s)/female15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female65 years and over: 0.84 male(s)/femaletotal population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2023 est. ), $27.27 billion (2019 est. [29] Discrimination against Muslims has been rampant since the creation of modern Ethiopia, Muslims were marginalized in the Haile Selassie era. 4 Islam is the second-largest religious group in Ethiopia, at 34 percent, with Orthodox Christians at 44 percent and Protestant Christians at 19 percent. [2] There is also a longstanding but small Jewish community. Title: Child Protection Information Management System Officer Location: Dima, Ethiopia Employment Category: H2 Reporting To: CP/ECCD Team Leader. The top ten countries account for 89% of all Orthodox Christians in the world. )34.927 (2020 est. The number of Muslims in Ethiopia rose from 17.4 million in 1994 to 25 million in 2007. With about 40 percent of the population below the age of 15 and a fertility rate of 4 children per woman (and even higher in rural areas), Ethiopia will have to make further progress in meeting its family planning needs if it is to achieve the age structure necessary for reaping a demographic dividend in the coming decades. That figure fluctuated only a few percentage points over a . The Emperor himself was the defender of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, that also has a concept of Zion, although it represents a unique and complex concept, referring figuratively to St. Mary, but also to Ethiopia as a bastion of Christianity surrounded by Muslims and other religions, much like Mount Zion in the Bible[citation needed]. and its projected population for 2021 was 104,477,000 people. )consumption: 0 cubic meters (2021 est. The name "Ethiopia" (Hebrew Kush) is mentioned in the Bible numerous times (thirty-seven times in the King James version). ), fossil fuels: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est. . [citation needed], An estimated 2.6% of Ethiopia's population adheres to various traditional faiths, according to the 2007 census (down from 4.6% in the 1994 census data). )investment in fixed capital: 43.5% (2017 est. There is no state religion, and it is forbidden to form political parties based upon religion; all religious groups are required to register with the government, and renew their registration once every three years. )hydroelectricity: 95.8% of total installed capacity (2020 est. )crude oil and lease condensate exports: 0 bbl/day (2018 est. [9] The rise of Islamic extremists account for much of the violent persecution in Ethiopia. It is also used to refer to Axum, the ancient capital and religious centre of Ethiopian Orthodox Christians, or to its primary church, called Church of Our Lady Mary of Zion. )permanent pasture: 20% (2018 est. ), improved: urban: 98.5% of populationrural: 70.2% of populationtotal: 76.4% of populationunimproved: urban: 1.5% of populationrural: 29.8% of populationtotal: 23.6% of population (2020 est. Abyssinia is also mentioned in the Qur'an and Hadith. A small ancient group of Jews, the Beta Israel, live in northwestern Ethiopia, though most emigrated to Israel in the last decades of the 20th century as part of the rescue missions undertaken by the Israeli government, Operation Moses and Operation Solomon. 2020 estimate). Their existence was not widely known to the outside world for many years, and they likewise were not aware of other Jewish groups outside of their own community. Islam was in 2007 the second largest religion in Ethiopia with over 33.9% of the population. Prime Minister Abiy has promoted reconciliation between Ethiopia's main faith groups, including through the 2018 release of Muslim activists who had been arrested in 2015 for protesting the government's treatment . )$2,300 (2020 est. 103 Seid, Tafesse, and Ali., Ethiopia Agrarian Economy. 2023 World Percentage. It was part of the Coptic Orthodox Church until 1959, and is the only pre-colonial Orthodox church in Sub-Saharan Africa. 107 CMT HW 25 December 2014. Most observers believe the evangelical and Pentecostal proportion of the population has increased since the census was conducted. used to collect data. While the use of modern contraceptive methods among married women has increased significantly from 6 percent in 2000 to 27 percent in 2012, the overall rate is still quite low. ), municipal: 810 million cubic meters (2017 est. )$2,200 (2019 est. ; Ethiopia 2020 population is estimated at 114,963,588 people at mid year according to UN data. The apostle St. Matthew is said to have died in Ethiopia. chief of state: President SAHLE-WORK Zewde (since 25 October 2018)head of government: Prime Minister ABIY Ahmed Ali (since April 2018); Deputy Prime Minister DEMEKE Mekonnen Hassen (since 29 November 2012)cabinet: Council of Ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representativeselections/appointments: president indirectly elected by both chambers of Parliament for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); election held on 21 June 2021 and 30 September 2021 (the scheduled 29 August 2020 election was postponed by Prime Minister ABIY due to the COVID-19 pandemic); prime minister designated by the majority party following legislative electionselection results: 2021: SAHLE-WORK elected president during joint session of Parliament, vote - 659 (unanimous); ABIY confirmed Prime Minister by House of Peoples' Representatives (4 October 2021)2018: SAHLE-WORK elected president during joint session of Parliament, vote - 659 (unanimous); note - snap election held on 25 October 2018 due to resignation of President MULATA Teshomenote: SAHLE-WORK Zewde is the first female elected head of state in Ethiopia; she is currently the only female president in Africa. According to the national census conducted in 2007, over 32 million people or 43.5% were reported to be Ethiopian Orthodox Christians, over 25 million or 33.9% were reported to be Muslim, 13.7 million, or 18.6%, were P'ent'ay Christians, and just under two million or 2.6% adhered to traditional beliefs. The religious beliefs of Addis Ababa. The Ethiopian constitution guarantees religious freedom, and different faith groups have coexisted in the country for centuries. Powered by a $48 million partnership, the two organizations and several other consortium partners will leverage their combined experience and expertise to co-create and replicate Gebeya's . [7], According to the government's 1994 census (which the CIA World Factbook follows), 61.6% of the Ethiopian population was Christian: 50.6% of the total were Ethiopian Orthodox, 10.1% were various Protestant denominations (such as P'ent'ay and the Lutheran Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus), and Roman Catholics constituted 0.9% of the population). )0.5% of GDP (2020 est. In 2022 the natural increase was positive, as the number of births exceeded the number of deaths by 3,034,976. Holy Trinity Ethiopian Orthodox Cathedral, Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus, Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region, travel to Ethiopia via modern-day Eritrea, "Population and Housing Census of 1994: Religion", Ethiopia: International Religious Freedom Report, 2007, Ethiopia: International Religious Freedom Report 2006, "Believers in Christ from a Muslim Background: A Global Census", https://web.archive.org/web/20090305231227/http://www.csa.gov.et/pdf/Cen2007_firstdraft.pdf, "The Bah Faith: 18441963: Information Statistical and Comparative, Including the Achievements of the Ten Year International Bah Teaching & Consolidation Plan 19531963", "North American Bah Choir in Ethiopia 2009", "Families and youth identified as keys to reducing poverty", "Five arrested for attack on mosques in Ethiopia's Amhara region", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Ethiopia&oldid=1139836593, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2016, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2016, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2015, Articles with incomplete citations from February 2015, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the World Factbook, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 17 February 2023, at 04:25. )from coal and metallurgical coke: 1.474 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. 2007 census, 2022 projection. [31] U.S ambassador David H. Shinn stated in 2005 that the Ethiopian leadership continued to be largely Christian. In Ethiopia, it is customary for large crowds to gather on the last week of November at the country's holiest site, the Church of St Mary of Zion in Axum.Every year, followers of the ancient Ethiopian Orthodox faith, who constitute roughly 60% of the population, join each other to celebrate the presence of the Ark of the Covenant in what is one of Ethiopia's most important religious .